Adjective Clauses
Adjective clauses (relative clauses) are like
"sentences inside sentences." The "job" of adjective
clauses is to modify (describe, identify, make specific) the noun phrases that
they follow. In their full forms, adjective clauses have several parts: a relative
pronoun (or, in some cases, another kind of connecting word), a subject, and a
predicate (a verb and, often, other types of words which follow it).
In adjective clauses, the relative pronoun is a kind
of connecting word: it joins the information in the clause to the noun phrase
that it follows. Without the adjective clause, the meaning of the modified noun
phrase (and of the sentence) is unclear and incomplete.
Examples (full forms):
I know a person who / that can help you.
I know a person who(m) / that you can help.
I know a person whose advice I can trust.
I know a person to whom I can refer you. /
I know a person who(m) / that I can refer you to.
I want a car that / which gets good gas mileage.
I can't afford the car that / which I really want.
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Types of Adjective Clauses
1.
"Subject Pattern" Clauses
In this type of adjective clause, the relative
pronoun is the subject of the clause. Subject pattern clauses can, however,
modify both subjects and objects of sentences:
The man who / that talked to us was very friendly.
Do you know the man who / that talked to us?
2.
"Object Pattern" Clauses
In this type of adjective clause, the relative
pronoun is the object of the clause (but
an object pattern clause can modify both subjects
and objects of sentences):
The people who(m) / that we met seemed very
friendly.
The people to whom / that we were speaking seemed
very friendly. /
The people who(m) / that we were speaking to seemed
very friendly.
I recently saw the people to whom / that we were
talking. / I recently saw the people who(m) / that we were talking to.
3.
Clauses Showing Possession
Here, the relative pronoun is possessive and is
attached to another word in the
adjective clause:
The people whose names are called will work the
first shift.
Do you know the student whose brother won a gold
medal in the Olympics?
Source :
http://www.eslcafe.com/grammar/adjective_clauses01.html
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